The Dangers of Mixing Different Brands of Antifreeze
When it comes to maintaining a vehicle, ensuring the engine remains cool under all operating conditions is a cardinal rule. Coolant plays a crucial role in this. This fluid, often colored and sometimes marketed as antifreeze, is more than just water; it’s a carefully formulated mixture containing water, antifreeze (usually ethylene glycol or propylene glycol), and a range of corrosion inhibitors, lubricants, and stabilizers. These components are meticulously balanced to prevent freezing, boiling, and corrosion within the engine and cooling system.
Understanding Coolant Chemistry
The chemistry behind coolants is intricate. Cooling systems utilize different types of coolant, each with its unique formulation and purpose. Here are the primary types:
Inorganic Additive Technology (IAT): This is the traditional green coolant prevalent in older vehicles. It uses older technology and is often less durable. Organic Acid Technology (OAT): A more modern, longer-lasting coolant colored in hues such as orange, yellow, red, or purple. Predominantly used in newer models, it’s designed for long-term protection. Hybrid Organic Acid Technology (HOAT): A combination of IAT and OAT, commonly available in various colors. It provides broad compatibility and is designed for mixed engine chemistries.While these types of coolant share some similarities, mixing different brands or types can have severe consequences. Different brands and types of coolant often have different chemistry for their corrosion inhibitors and additives. Mixing them can dilute or negate these protective properties, potentially leading to increased corrosion within the engine and cooling system. In the worst-case scenario, it could cause clogging or damage to the cooling system, leading to overheating and significant engine damage.
Practical Advice
Regardless of where you live, whether it’s Portland, OR, with its four seasons, or any other climate, the advice remains the same: it’s crucial to stick to the type of coolant specified in your car’s owner manual.
If you find yourself in a pinch and are considering mixing different types of coolant, it’s best to use distilled water as a temporary measure. While some may suggest it’s okay to mix coolant types, doing so can lead to the coolant gumming up, a problem that wasn’t as prevalent in the past.
The automotive industry has seen significant changes over the last 15 years, due to the introduction of aluminum engines, turbochargers, and low-tension piston rings. Maintenance procedures have evolved to accommodate these changes. It’s best to use coolant that’s designed to work with your vehicle and follow the maintenance schedule recommended for your level of driving, which is typically the severe maintenance schedule.
Conclusion
Maintaining your vehicle requires attention to detail, especially when it comes to coolant. Mixing different brands or types of coolant can be a costly mistake. As the industry has evolved, so too have the requirements for coolant. If you suspect your coolant has been mixed, flush the system and refill with the correct type as soon as possible.
By adhering to the guidelines set forth in your owner’s manual and seeking professional advice when in doubt, you can ensure that your engine remains protected and your vehicle operates safely and efficiently.